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Scientists predict more heat records despite 2025 temperature dip

According to records, the past three years have been the warmest globally, coinciding with the ongoing rise in carbon emissions released by human activities.

According to data from the European Copernicus climate service and the Met Office, global temperatures in 2025 fell short of the previous year's highs, due in part to the cooling effects of the La Niña weather pattern in the Pacific.

A firefighter, dressed in protective clothing, is silhouetted as they fire a water cannon at a burning house with the sun shining through a hazy sky in the background, in Altadena on 9 January 2025.
The California fires of January 2025 were one of the most expensive weather-related disasters in US history

The past three years have been the warmest on record globally, edging the planet closer to exceeding international climate targets.

Despite the natural cooling influence of La Niña, 2025 temperatures remained significantly higher than those of just a decade ago, reflecting the ongoing impact of human-caused carbon emissions on global heating.

Unless carbon emissions are substantially reduced, scientists warn that further temperature records and more severe weather extremes are inevitable.

Dr Samantha Burgess, deputy director of Copernicus, noted that looking back from twenty years in the future, the mid-2020s will likely be seen as a relatively cool period.

The global average temperature in 2025 was over 1.4C above pre-industrial levels of the late 1800s, according to data from Copernicus and the Met Office.

While there are minor variations in the precise figures among major climate groups, these differences stem primarily from disparate calculations of pre-industrial temperatures, and do not impact the overall trend of long-term global warming.

Bar chart of global average annual temperatures between 1940 and 2025. The hotter the year, the darker shade of red for the bars. There is a rising trend in the height of the bars and a darkening of reds, indicating greater warming. The last three years are the hottest on record by some margin, slightly above 1.5C of warming in 2024 and slightly below in 2023 and 2025, according to the European Copernicus climate service.

Prof Rowan Sutton, director of the Met Office Hadley Centre, explained that the ongoing release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere leads to increased concentrations, resulting in planetary warming.

Although 2025 did not set a new global temperature record, extreme weather events linked to climate change continued to occur.

Notable examples of such events include the January Los Angeles fires and October's Hurricane Melissa, which scientists believe were partly fueled by climate change.

The sustained warmth is bringing the world closer to surpassing the international target of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels.

People clean up debris in front of a flooded house as a family member looks on, in Petit Goave, Haiti on 31 October 2025.
Global warming means that hurricanes like Melissa – which brought mass flooding to Haiti as well as devastation elsewhere in the Caribbean – can bring stronger winds and heavier rainfall

This target was agreed upon by nearly 200 countries in 2015, with the aim of mitigating the more severe consequences of climate change associated with 2C of warming.

According to Dr Burgess, the latest data suggest that the 1.5C threshold will likely be exceeded by the end of the decade.

While human activities drive long-term warming, natural variability can cause individual years to be slightly warmer or cooler.

Three globes, showing temperatures around the world in the last three years. Reds show areas which are warmer than average; blues show areas which are cooler than average. In all three years, almost all the world is red.

One key factor influencing this variability is the fluctuation between El Niño and La Niña weather patterns.

These patterns, which primarily affect Pacific weather, have a ripple effect on global temperatures, with El Niño years tend to be warmer and La Niña years cooler.

The El Niño phenomenon contributed to the record warmth in 2024 and, to a lesser extent, 2023.

The return of La Niña conditions in 2025 is believed to have suppressed temperatures, but the fact that temperatures remained high despite this cooling influence is a concern, according to Dr Zeke Hausfather, a climate scientist at Berkeley Earth.

The past three years have seen significant breaks in global temperature records, with new monthly records set since 2023, as indicated by Copernicus data.

The substantial jump in temperatures in 2023 surprised many scientists, prompting speculation about the underlying factors contributing to this surge, beyond carbon emissions and El Niño.

Chart showing each month for each year since 1979 as distinct blocks. Months run left to right; years run from top to bottom. Each month is shaded according to its temperature compared with the long-term average between 1991 and 2020. The top of the chart is mainly blue, showing cooler years; the bottom of the chart is mainly red, showing warmer years. Highlighted blocks show the warmest for each month. For every month of the year, this has occurred within the last three years.

Theories include changes in cloud cover and aerosol particles, which appear to be reflecting less solar energy back into space.

The persistence of extreme warmth in 2025 suggests that there may be unresolved factors at play, according to Dr Hausfather.

Prof Sutton noted that the current rate of warming is at the upper end of longer-term expectations.

However, it is unclear whether the past three years have significant implications for the long term, and more data is needed to draw firm conclusions, according to Sutton.

While scientists anticipate further record-breaking temperatures, they emphasize that the future impacts of climate change are not predetermined.

Prof Sutton stated that human actions can strongly influence the course of climate change, both by reducing greenhouse gas emissions to stabilize warming and by adapting to ongoing changes to build resilience.

Additional reporting was provided by Jess Carr.

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Water Leak Affects 19th Century Artwork at Louvre Museum

The world’s most visited museum has been marred by a series of incidents, prompting growing scrutiny of its management.

The Louvre museum in Paris has experienced a significant setback due to a water leak that damaged a 19th-century ceiling painting, marking the latest in a series of challenges for the institution.

French gendarmes patrol in front of the Musee du Louvre and the Pyramide du Louvre

According to the museum, the water damage was discovered in room 707, also known as the "Duchâtel" room, on Thursday evening, with the room housing various artworks from the 15th and 16th centuries.

The leak, which originated from a heating pipe, was reportedly stopped shortly after midnight, and the only artwork damaged was Charles Meynier's The Apotheosis of Poussin, Le Sueur and Le Brun, a ceiling painting.

This incident occurred just a day after French authorities detained nine individuals, including two museum staff members, in connection with an alleged ticket fraud scheme.

In recent months, the museum's management has faced increased scrutiny following a string of high-profile incidents, including the theft of French crown jewels and damage to hundreds of books due to a leak.

The Louvre reported that Thursday's leak occurred near the entrance to the paintings department in the Denon wing of the museum.

Firefighters responded promptly to the incident, and the leak was brought under control within 40 minutes of its discovery.

On Friday morning, a painting restorer assessed the damage to Meynier's ceiling painting and found that it had sustained two tears in the same area, as well as lifting of the paint layer on the ceiling and its arches.

The damaged ceiling painting, which dates back to 1822 and is signed by Meynier, depicts renowned French painters Nicolas Poussin, Eustache Le Sueur, and Charles Le Brun surrounded by angelic figures in the clouds.

As a precautionary measure, rooms 706, 707, and 708 in the Denon wing were closed on Friday morning but are expected to reopen later in the day.

The chief architect of historic monuments visited the site to evaluate the condition of the ceiling and determined that there were no structural issues.

A union representative informed Reuters that scaffolding had been erected in the affected area to facilitate repairs.

The extent of the damage to the painting and the building, as well as the associated costs, have not been disclosed.

This latest incident is part of a series of challenges faced by the Louvre, which is the most visited museum globally, in recent times.

In December, a leak in the Egyptian department damaged between 300 and 400 items, mostly books, with the museum's deputy administrator, Francis Steinbock, acknowledging that the issue had been known for years.

The previous month, the museum had to partially close one of its galleries featuring Greek vases and offices due to structural weaknesses.

This incident followed a high-profile burglary on October 19, in which four individuals stole historic jewelry valued at €88 million, exposing significant security gaps at the museum.

The thieves used a stolen vehicle-mounted mechanical lift to gain access to the Galerie d'Apollon via a balcony overlooking the River Seine.

Several individuals have been arrested in connection with the theft, which is still being investigated by the French authorities.

The majority of the stolen items remain unrecovered, and the museum has since relocated some of its most valuable jewels to the Bank of France for safekeeping.

A report published by France's public audit body in October criticized the museum's excessive spending on artwork, stating that it had come at the expense of building maintenance and renovation.

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UAE Beats Canada in T20 World Cup Thanks to Sharma

The United Arab Emirates boosted their chances of reaching the T20 World Cup Super 8s after Aryansh Sharma’s unbeaten 74 helped secure a narrow five-wicket victory over Canada.

The United Arab Emirates has taken a significant step towards qualifying for the T20 World Cup Super 8s, thanks in large part to Aryansh Sharma's impressive unbeaten 74, which helped secure a narrow five-wicket victory over Canada.

A recent match saw the UAE emerge victorious against Canada, enhancing their chances of advancing to the Super 8s in the T20 World Cup.

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Russell Describes Red Bull’s Advantage as Highly Intimidating

Mercedes driver George Russell notes that Red Bull’s lead at the forefront of the Formula 1 pack has been particularly noteworthy, revealing a significant gap that has caught the attention of many in the sport.

As George Russell enters his fifth season with Mercedes, the team is gearing up for a new challenge in the 2026 Formula 1 season.

According to Mercedes driver George Russell, Red Bull's current advantage at the front of the pack is a significant concern, with the team's performance in the first pre-season test at Bahrain being particularly noteworthy.

Russell described the display of speed by Red Bull in Bahrain as a "wake-up call" for their competitors, highlighting the team's impressive pace in the first of two pre-season tests.

The British driver noted that Red Bull's lead is substantial, with a gap of around half a second to a full second per lap, which is a considerable margin in the context of Formula 1.

Russell expressed his surprise at the scale of Red Bull's advantage, stating that it is unsettling to see such a significant difference in performance, especially given Red Bull's history of producing competitive cars, even when their engine was not the strongest.

The 2026 season marks the most significant rule change in Formula 1 history, with new specifications for engines, chassis, tires, and fuel, which promises to shake up the competitive landscape.

As a result of these changes, energy management has become a critical aspect of the sport, with engines now producing approximately half of their total power output from the electrical component, and limited battery capacity.

Rivals have analyzed GPS data from Red Bull's power unit during the Bahrain test, revealing that the team can sustain electrical energy deployment for longer periods than any of their competitors.

This achievement is all the more impressive considering that Red Bull has established its own engine company from scratch to comply with the new regulations and has partnered with Ford.

Last season, Max Verstappen narrowly missed out on the drivers' title, finishing just two points behind Lando Norris.

Russell stated that his team had observed Red Bull's strength from the outset of the 'shakedown' test in Spain last month, and their performance has been consistently impressive.

He noted that on the first day of testing in Barcelona, Red Bull immediately demonstrated a significant advantage over their competitors, including Mercedes, Ferrari, and others.

Russell acknowledged that Red Bull's performance in Bahrain has further solidified their position as the team to beat, at least for the time being.

Looking ahead to the first race of the season in Melbourne, Russell predicts that Red Bull will likely maintain their advantage, given their strong showing in both Barcelona and Bahrain.

However, Red Bull technical director Pierre Wache has downplayed Mercedes' claims, suggesting that his team is not the benchmark, and instead, Ferrari, Mercedes, and McLaren are currently ahead.

Wache argued that Red Bull's analysis indicates they are behind the top three teams, contrary to the assertions made by Mercedes team principal Toto Wolff.

Ferrari driver Charles Leclerc believes that Mercedes is concealing their true potential and that Red Bull and Mercedes have posted the fastest times, followed closely by his own team.

The new cars have sparked a debate among drivers, with some enjoying the updated handling and ride, while others have expressed reservations about the changes.

On the second day of testing, Lando Norris and Max Verstappen disagreed on whether the new cars are enjoyable to drive, reflecting the mixed opinions among drivers.

Russell described the 2026 cars as "much nicer to drive" in terms of handling and ride compared to the previous season's cars, but noted that the engines are highly complex.

He cautioned against drawing conclusions too early, as the true challenges of the new engines and energy management systems will only become apparent at more demanding tracks like Melbourne or Jeddah.

Russell elaborated on a point made by Verstappen regarding the unusual driving styles required by the new engines, which demand careful management of energy recovery.

Drivers are having to adapt to unconventional techniques, such as using lower gears in corners to keep the engine revving and maximize energy recovery.

Russell provided an example from the Bahrain test, where he had to use first gear in a corner that would normally be taken in third gear, in order to maintain high engine revs and keep the turbo spinning.

He acknowledged that this approach can be counterintuitive and frustrating at times.

Russell used an analogy to illustrate the point, comparing it to driving a road car and being told to use first gear in a roundabout, which would be unconventional and unnecessary at normal speeds.

He emphasized that the car is not designed to handle such low gears in certain corners, but drivers are having to work around these limitations to optimize energy recovery.

Russell explained that the car's design is not suited for such low gears, but the need to maintain high engine revs and turbo boost necessitates this approach.

As a result, drivers are having to adapt their techniques to prioritize energy management over traditional notions of fast cornering.

Russell noted that the critical nature of energy levels in determining lap times means that driving around a corner in the fastest possible way may not always result in the best overall lap time.

In the past, drivers could focus on finding the quickest line through a corner, but now they need to consider the broader implications of their actions on energy levels and overall lap time.

Russell stated that drivers must now wait for a full lap to understand the impact of their decisions on energy levels, rather than being able to instantly assess the effectiveness of a particular line or technique.

Meanwhile, Aston Martin is reported to be around four seconds off the pace of the top teams, highlighting the significant gap they need to bridge to be competitive.

The 2026 Formula 1 cars have been on display in Bahrain, showcasing the new designs and technologies.

The sport has introduced new terminology, including "active aero" and "overtake mode," which reflect the changes brought about by the new regulations.

Russell has expressed his desire to compete directly with Verstappen, setting the stage for an exciting season of racing.

The 2026 season promises to be an exciting one, with the biggest rule change in Formula 1 history, a new generation of drivers, and a fresh wave of technological innovation.

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